Most genetic diseases do not follow a Mendelian paradigm; instead they are multifactorial having biological components that are both in the host (biological variation) and in the environment (exposure to experiences that are selective and impinge on health). In addition to alleles that confer susceptibility (for resistance) under certain conditions, there could be a constellation of alleles at different loci affecting proteins that must interact, in this way accounting for a complex trait. This chapter addresses, in a brief way, how one begins to approach mapping the genomic bases of complex traits.